Impact of lumbopelvic pain on postural balance during sit-to-stand activity in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study / Impacto da dor lombopélvica no equilíbrio postural durante a atividade do sentar-levantar em mulheres grávidas: estudo transversal / Impacto del dolor lombopélvica em el equilibrio postural durante la actividad del sentar-levantar em mujeres embarazadas: estudio transversal

Abstract Introduction: The emergence of painful pathologies during gestation, such as lumbopelvic pain (LPP), can influence in the achievement of functional activities, such as sit-to-stand, throughout the gestational period. Objective: To compare the variables of static and dynamic postural balance (sit-to-stand activity) among pregnant women with and whitout lumbopelvic pain and the outcome variables between the gestational trimesters. Method: A total of 100 pregnant women participated in this study allocated as follows: 51 in the LPP group and 49 in the group without LPP. All participants were subjected to an evaluation protocol: filling an identification form, Analogic Visual Scale (AVS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Evaluation of postural balance was subsequently performed using the Balance Master System®. Results: 64.7% of women during the third trimester of pregnancy reported LPP. No statistically significant differences were found between LBP presence or absence in postural balance variables (p>0.05). However, gestational age influenced the VFEC variable (p=0.001). Conclusion: Women during the third gestational trimester presented complaints of lumbopelvic pain. However, the data acquired suggest that women with LPP do not have alterations in postural balance during sit-to-stand movement when compared to pregnant women without pain.

Resumo Introdução: O surgimento de patologias dolorosas na gestação, como a dor lombopélvica (DLP), podem influenciar na realização de atividades funcionais, como o sentar-levantar, ao longo do período gestacional. Objetivo: Comparar as variáveis do equilíbrio postural estático e dinâmico (atividade do sentar-levantar) entre gestantes com e sem dor lombopélvica e as variáveis-desfecho entre os trimestres gestacionais. Método: Participaram desse estudo 100 mulheres grávidas alocadas da seguinte maneira: 51 gestantes no grupo com DLP e 49 gestantes no grupo sem DLP. Todas as participantes foram submetidas ao protocolo de avaliação: preenchimento de ficha de identificação, Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) e Oswestry Disability Índex (OII), seguido da avaliação do equilíbrio postural por meio do Balance Master System ® . Resultados: 64,7% das mulheres no terceiro trimestre gestacional relataram DLP. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre a presença/ausência da DLP nas variáveis do equilíbrio postural (p>0,05). Contudo, observou-se diferença estatística ao analisar a idade gestacional na variável velocidade de oscilação em superfície firme de olhos fechados (VFOF) (p=0,001). Conclusão: Mulheres no terceiro trimestre gestacional apresentam queixas de dor lombopélvica. Entretanto, os dados obtidos sugerem que mulheres com DLP não tem alteração no equilíbrio postural durante o movimento sentar-levantar quando comparadas a gestantes sem dor.

Resumen Introducción: El surgimento de patologias dolorosas em la gestación, como el dolor lombopélvico (DLP), puede influir em la realización de atividades funcionales, como el sentarse, durante el embarazo. Objetivo: Comparar las variables delequilibrio postural estático y dinâmico (actividad del sentar-levantar) entre gestantes com y sin dolor lombopélvico y las varibles desenlace entre los trimestres gestacionales. Método: Participaron de esse estúdio 100 mujeres embarazadas assignadas de la siguiente manera: 51 gestantes en el grupo com DLP y 49 gestantes en el grupo sin DLP. Todas las participantes fueron sometidas al protocolo de evaluación: llenado de ficha de identificación, Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) y Oswestry Disability Índex (OII),seguido de la evaluación del equilíbrio postural através del Balance Master System ® . Resultados: 64,7% de las mujeres en el tercer trimestre gestacional informaron DLP. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la presencia/ausência de la DLP em las variables del equilíbrio postural (p>0,05). Sin embargo, se observo diferencia estadística al analizar la edad gestacional em la variable velocidade de oscilación en superfície firme de ojos cerrados (VFOC) (p=0,001). Conclusión: Las mujeres en el tercer trimestre gestacional presentan quejas de dolor lombopélvico. Sin embargo, los datos obtenidos sugieren que las mujeres com DLP no tienen alteración em el equilíbrio postural durante el movimento sentarse cuando se comparan a las gestantes sin dolor.

Clinical and self-perceived oral health assessment of elderly residents in urban, rural, and institutionalized communities

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the self-perception of oral health according to the physical, psychosocial and pain/discomfort dimensions related to clinical conditions and orofacial pain of elderly people living in three different environments. METHODS: This was an observational, cross-sectional, quantitative study with a population-based approach and nonprobabilistic convenience sampling that included 81 elderly people: 27 resided in institutional homes for elderly individuals, 27 resided in an urban area and 27 resided in a rural area in the interior of Paraíba (PB) in northeastern Brazil. RESULTS: The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was used to assess self-perception of oral health, while the Questionnaire for Screening of Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders (QST/TMD) was used to assess the influences of orofacial pain and the biofilm indexes of teeth and prostheses. There was a statistically significant difference in the GOHAI scores among the places of residence, with the worst values associated with the rural area. According to the QST/TMD, the majority of individuals were affected by TMDs, with statistical differences for both sex and income. CONCLUSION: The biofilm analysis showed a higher incidence of clinical conditions in the rural population. The place of residence also influenced self-perception and the clinical oral health condition of elderly people; the rural population presented the worst results.

Influence of virtual reality on postural balance and quality of life of pregnant women: controlled clinical trial randomized / Influência da realidade virtual no equilíbrio postural e qualidade de vida de mulheres grávidas: ensaio clínico controlado randomizado

Abstract Introduction: During pregnancy women undergo several transformations, which promote changes in their gravity center (GC) and can result in postural and balance changes. Objective: To evaluate the influence of Nintendo WiiFit Plus® on postural balance and quality of life of pregnant women in the third trimester. Methods: 250 pregnant women enrolled through a non-probabilistic sampling process. The sample consisted of 32 women selected according to the eligibility criteria (nulliparity; low-risk pregnancy, absence of musculoskeletal disorders or surgical procedures in the spine, pelvis, hip or knee), musculoskeletal disorders, allocated as follows: 17 pregnant women in the control group (CG) and 15 pregnant women in the experimental group (EG). The intervention was performed in 12 sessions of 30 minutes each, three times a week. Sociodemographic and obstetric data were presented as median and interquartile range (25% - 75%). A comparison of the relative values of variables before and after the exercise program was performed using the 2x2 ANOVA test (5% significance level). Results: There were no significant statistical differences in variables related to postural balance (P > 0.06) and quality of life (P > 0.13). Conclusion: The use of Nintendo WiiFit Plus games was not able to promote improvement in postural balance and quality of life of the pregnant women studied.

Resumo Introdução: Durante a gravidez as mulheres passam por várias transformações, que promovem mudanças no seu centro de gravidade (CG) e pode resultar em alterações posturais e de equilíbrio. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência da Nintendo Wii Fit Plus® no equilíbrio postural e qualidade de vida das mulheres grávidas no terceiro trimestre. Métodos: 250 gestantes cadastradas através de um processo de amostragem do tipo não-probabilística. A amostra foi composta por 32 mulheres selecionadas de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade (nuliparas, gestação de baixo risco, ausência de disfunções musculoesqueléticas ou cirurgia na coluna vertebral, pelve, quadril ou joelho) alocadas da seguinte maneira: 17 gestantes no grupo controle (GC) e 15 gestantes no grupo experimental (GE). A intervenção foi realizada em 12 sessões de 30 minutos cada, três vezes por semana. Os dados sociodemográficos e obstétricos foram apresentados como mediana e interquartil (25% - 75%). Uma comparação entre os valores relativos das variáveis antes e depois do programa de exercícios foi realizada utilizando o teste ANOVA 2x2 (nível de significância de 5%). Resultados: A mediana gestacional e idade cronológica foram, respectivamente, 30,50 (27,2 - 32,0) anos e 28,5 (27,7 - 30,0) semanas. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas variáveis relacionadas ao equilíbrio postural (P > 0,06) e qualidade de vida (P > 0,13). Conclusões: O uso de jogos Nintendo Wii Fit Plus não foi capaz de promover a melhora no equilíbrio e qualidade de vida das gestantes estudadas postural.

Influence of a virtual reality-based exercise protocol on the sit-to-stand activity kinematic variables in pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial

AIMS: Changes resulting from the gestational period may lead to changes in the biomechanics of women, which can alter the performance of functional activities such as sit-to-stand. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of a virtual reality-based exercise protocol on the kinematic variables of the sit-to-stand movement in women in their second and third gestational trimesters. METHODS: The sample consisted of 44 women selected according to the eligibility criteria, allocated into 4 groups: control group, 2nd trimester (CG2T); experimental group, 2nd trimester (EG2T); control group, 3rd trimester (CG3T); and experimental group, 3rd trimester (EG3T). All the volunteers answered the identification and evaluation form and were sent to the kinematic evaluation through the Qualisys Motion Capture System®. An intervention with game therapy was performed in 12 sessions of 30 minutes each, three times a week. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found intra- (P> 0.54) and inter-groups (P> 0.059) for kinematic variables. However, there was a tendency for improvement in the analyzed variables after the proposed protocol. CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained suggest that the use of the Nintendo Wii Fit Plus® was not able to influence sit-to-stand kinematic variables in the analyzed women.(AU)

Influence of physical activity and different sensory conditions on static and dynamic balance of pregnant women

Abstract BACKGROUND Physical activity during pregnancy provides countless benefits to pregnant women and results in a smaller number of falls during pregnancy. Thus, this study aims to verify the influence of physical activity and test conditions on the static and dynamic balance of pregnant women. METHODOLOGY The study was an analytical, transversal, and comparative study with a sample of 99 pregnant women divided into two groups, with physical activity as the grouping factor. The evaluation included questions about the type and frequency of physical activity and investigation of postural balance (Balance Master System(r)). For statistical analysis, we used the following tests: Shapiro Wilk, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA One Way and Wilcoxon. RESULTS No relationship was found between physical activity and postural balance (F > 0.40, P > 0.07). However, the test conditions alter the sway velocity (P = 0.001) and directional control movement (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that: (1) physical activity does not influence variables related to postural balance in active and sedentary pregnant women; and (2) postural sway velocity and directional control of movement are related to the test conditions used during balance evaluation.

Recursos não farmacológicos: atuação da fisioterapia no trabalho de parto, uma revisão sistemática / Non pharmacological resources: physical therapy practice in labor, a systematic review

O trabalho de parto consiste em um evento único e complexo que envolve vários fatores biopsicossociais. A dor experimentada na parturição é uma resposta fisiológica e complexa aos estímulos sensoriais. Objetivo: Realizar revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos dos recursos fisioterapêuticos aplicados para o alívio da dor durante o trabalho de parto. Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática, buscando artigos nas bases de dados Scielo, Medline, Bireme e Lilacs, com estudos publicados até 2014. Utilizaram-se os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) ou sinônimos em português e inglês. Resultados: Foram encontrados 49 artigos e selecionados 13 para análise. A mediana do nível de evidência PEDro foi 8. Foi encontrada uma variedade de intervenções: massoterapia, TENS, exercícios na bola, banho de imersão, exercícios respiratórios, acupuntura, deambulação, mobilidade e banho de chuveiro. Conclusão: Os estudos sugerem que as técnicas fisioterapêuticas investigadas, em sua maioria, contribuíram de forma benéfica para alívio da dor das parturientes. No entanto, alguns achados demonstraram resultados inconclusivos acerca da eficácia das técnicas. (AU)

Introduction: Labor consists of a unique and complex event that involves multiple biopsychosocial factors. The pain experienced during labor is a complex and physiological response to sensory stimuli. Objective: To realize a systematic review about the effects of physical therapy resources applied for pain relief during labor. Methods: It was performed a systematic review searching articles in the Scielo, Medline, Bireme and Lilacs databases, published until 2014. Results: Forty-nine studies were found and thirteen were selected for analysis. The median PEDro score of evidence was 8. A variety of interventions were found: massage therapy, TENS, ball exercises, immersion bath, breathing exercises, acupuncture, ambulation, mobility and shower. Conclusion: Studies suggest that physical therapy techniques researched contributed beneficially to relieve pain of women in labor. However, some findings showed inconclusive results about the effectiveness of the techniques. (AU)

Comparação da qualidade de vida em gestantes com disfunção sexual / Comparison of quality of life in women with sexual dysfunction

OBJETIVO: Investigar a relação entre função sexual e qualidade de vida em mulheres grávidas, residentes em duas cidades do Nordeste. MÉTODOS: A amostra constituiu-se de 207 gestantes. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio da aplicação de questionário contendo questões sobre dados sociodemográficos, ginecológicos e obstétricos, conhecimento corporal e sexual. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada através da aplicação do Índice de Qualidade de Vida Ferrans & Powers (IQV Ferrans e Power). A função sexual foi avaliada por meio do Índice de Função Sexual Feminina (IFSF). Foram realizados os testes estatísticos de Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon para análise dos dados coletados. RESULTADOS: As gestantes avaliadas apresentaram idade mediana de 30 anos (quartil 26-33 anos) e estavam aproximadamente na 26a semana gestacional. Observou-se diminuição significativa da frequência mensal do relacionamento sexual do casal, que passou de uma mediana de 12 para 4 vezes por mês (Z =-10,56; p<0,001). A disfunção sexual se mostrou presente em 35,7% das gestantes avaliadas, e a qualidade de vida dessas foi inferior quando comparada àquelas com função sexual sem alteração (Z=-2,87; p=0,004). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente estudo mostram que a disfunção sexual afetou negativamente a qualidade de vida de mulheres grávidas, devendo ser um aspecto relevante para ser avaliado durante as consultas de pré-natal. .

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between sexual function and quality of life in pregnant women living in two cities of Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: The sample consisted of 207 pregnant women. The data were collected through a questionnaire containing questions about socio-demographic, gynecological and obstetrical data, body and sexual knowledge. Quality of life was assessed by applying the Ferrans & Powers Quality of Life Index (QLI Ferrans and Power). Sexual function was assessed using the Female Sexual Function Index (IFSF). Data were statistically analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: The pregnant women studied had a median age of 30 years (quartile 26-33 years) and were approximately at the 26th gestational week. A significant decrease in the monthly frequency of sexual relations of the couple was observed, with a median of 12 to 4 times per month (Z=-10.56; p<0.001). Sexual dysfunction was detected in 35.7% of the pregnant women studied, whose quality of life was lower when compared to women with unchanged sexual function (Z=-2.9; p=0.004). CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that sexual dysfunction negatively affected the quality of life of pregnant women, and this should be an important aspect for review during prenatal consultations. .

Quality of sleep in pregnant woman with low back pain / Qualidade do sono em gestantes com dor lombar

Introduction Pregnancy is characterized by several changes in her body. These changes contribute to the emergence of low back pain, which may influence the quality of sleep during pregnancy. Objective To compare the quality of sleep among pregnant women with and without low back pain during pregnancy, examining the relationship between two variables. Materials methods Thirty volunteers aged between 19 and 36 years, divided into control group (CG – n = 16) and Study Group (SG – n = 14), residents in the cities of Natal, were evaluated in the second trimester of pregnancy. To sleep evaluation were used to index the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Low back pain was evaluated using the pressure algometer, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index. Statistical analysis used the Shapiro Wilk test, Student’s T test for independent samples and Pearson correlation test. Results The mean gestational and chronological ages were 28.2 ± 3.4 years and 19.9 ± 3.7 weeks, respectively. Sleep quality was lower in SG (8.21 ± 4.8) when compared to CG (5.94 ± 1.7) and was statistically significant (P = 0.021). Analyzing the relationship between sleep quality and pain intensity, it was observed that the variables have a positive correlation between them (r = 0.372, P = 0.043). Conclusion Our findings indicate that sleep quality is decreased in women with low back pain compared to those without pain. .

Introdução A gravidez caracteriza-se por diversas mudanças no corpo da mulher. Essas alterações contribuem para o surgimento da dor lombar, que pode influenciar a qualidade do sono durante a gestação. Objetivo Comparar a qualidade do sono entre mulheres grávidas com e sem dor lombar gestacional, analisando a relação entre as duas variáveis. Materiais e métodos Trinta voluntárias com faixa etária entre 19 e 36 anos, divididas em grupo controle (GC, sem lombalgia – n = 16) e grupo de estudo (GE, lombalgia – n = 14), residentes nos municípios da Grande Natal, foram avaliadas no segundo trimestre de gestação. Para a avaliação do sono foram utilizados o Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh e a Escala de Sonolência de Epworth. A dor lombar foi avaliada utilizando-se o algômetro de pressão, a Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) e o Oswestry Disability Index. Na análise estatística, utilizou-se o teste de Shapiro Wilk, Teste T de Student para amostras independentes e o teste de correlação de Pearson. Resultados A média das idades cronológica e gestacional foram 28,2 ± 3,4 e 19,9 ± 3,7 semanas, respectivamente. A qualidade do sono foi menor no GE (8,21 ± 4,8) quando comparado ao GC (5,94 ± 1,7), sendo estatisticamente significativa (P = 0,021). Analisando-se a relação entre qualidade do sono e intensidade dolorosa, observou-se que as variáveis apresentam uma correlação positiva entre si (r = 0,372; P = 0,043). Conclusão Os achados deste estudo indicam que a qualidade do sono encontra-se diminuída em gestantes com lombalgia quando comparadas àquelas sem dor lombar. .